Essay on Effectiveness of Interventions

In the current essay I will review Anorexia, and critically evaluate the roles of government, industry and consumers in managing diet related health risk for Anorexia, a diet-related condition. There has been much told about the food safety, diet and health information from a range of sources that influence people and force them to eat less and to be afraid of being obese. Diet and health depend on each other, and there can be indicated the nature of hazards associated with foods. It should be noted that the government does not play a considerable role in solving the problem in industry and consumers in managing diet related health risk.

It can be said that anorexia– is the eating disorder characterized by deliberate weight loss, induced and / or maintained by the patient, in order to lose weight or prevent weight gain. The disease is more common in girls. Anorexia is observed as a pathological desire weight loss, accompanied by intense fear of obesity. The patient has been having distorted perception of their physical form and there is a concern about weight gain, even if it is not actually observed, as described in Anorexia nervosa.

The overall prevalence of anorexia nervosa is 1.2% among women and 0.29% among men. About 80% of patients with anorexia – are the girls aged 12-24 years. In the remaining 20% are men and women are more mature age up to menopause. The causes of anorexia are divided into biological (genetic predisposition), psychological (the influence of family and internal conflicts) and social (environmental influence: expectations, imitation, in particular diet). Anorexia is considered a female disease, which manifests itself in adolescence. There have to be taken measures to prevent anorexia, and government has to implement new possibilities and approaches to help deal with the problem.

Risk factors of anorexia. Genetic factors. Linkage analysis of genes within the genome did not detect loci for broad diagnostic categories of anorexia nervosa, but the analysis of pedigrees with at least one pair of relatives with a restrictive type of anorexia nervosa identified with chromosome cohesion (Grice et al, 2002). The pursuit of thinness and obsession are most closely associated with anorexia nervosa, causing the new genetic loci on chromosomes 1 for a mixed indicator, and 13 for the pursuit of thinness (Devlin et al, 2002). Studies of the relationship focused on the study of genes related to specific neurochemical factors feeding behavior. One such candidate is NTR2A gene for serotonin receptor 5-HT2A. Gene brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is also involved as a susceptibility gene for anorexia nervosa. This protein is involved in the regulation of feeding behavior at the level of the hypothalamus, including the regulation of serotonin levels, reduction of which causes depression. Genetic vulnerability is likely lies in the predisposition to a certain type of personality, psychiatric disorder (mood disorder or anxiety disorder) or to dysfunction of neurotransmitter systems. Therefore, genetic predisposition or vulnerability may manifest itself in adverse conditions, such as improper diet, or after emotional stress, as described in Anorexia nervosa.

Biological factors – are overweight and early onset of menarche. In addition, the cause of the disease may be due to dysfunction of regulatory eating behavior of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine. Studies have demonstrated dysfunction of the three above-mentioned mediators in patients with eating disorders.

Family factors – are a better chance of eating disorders in those who have relatives or loved ones suffering from anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa or obesity. If you have a family member or relative with depression, alcohol or drug abuse or dependence, are also at increased risk for the disorder.